A step toward flow simulation through cracks in beam-particle models

Crack characterization in reinforced concrete structures, such as the containment walls of 1300 MWe nuclear power plants, is critical for accurately estimating air leakage. Traditional modeling strategies, such as Poiseuille's law applied to a simplified geometry, rely on indirect parameters like a tortuosity coefficient, which is difficult to predict and has limited validity, leading to increased uncertainty. This study presents a novel post-processing tool based on the Beam-Particle simulation approach, capable of detecting micro-crack paths and constructing macro-crack geometries using graph theory. The generated macro-crack geometry can be integrated into computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations for more accurate airflow predictions or by calibrating simplified approaches like Poiseuille's law based on numerically obtained crack characteristics. Validation against optical measurements from Brazilian splitting tests demonstrates the tool's potential to advance simplified modeling and enhance detailed crack characterization, opening new possibilities for improved air leakage predictions.