A review of models of high-speed railway track dynamics for assessing sleepers aging

This paper presents a review of high-speed railway track dynamics modeling and simulation with a focus on assessing the aging and deterioration of concrete sleepers. The study synthesizes existing literature on the dynamic behavior of track components, including rails, sleepers, ballast, and subgrade, highlighting their mechanical interactions under high-speed loading. Particular attention is given to modeling approaches that capture the complex behavior of the track system. The review also identifies key factors contributing to accelerated degradation of concrete sleepers, such as dynamic loading frequency, ballast degradation, hanging sleepers, and uneven support conditions. By consolidating current research, this work aims to support the development of more accurate predictive models and maintenance strategies for enhancing the durability and safety of high-speed rail infrastructure.