Élaboration d'un modèle de connecteur pour la simulation dynamique des assemblages boulonnés

The safety of aeronautical structures relies mainly on the reliability of bolted connections, which are omnipresent in airframes and engines. Their dimensioning must satisfy weight, cost and performance requirements while complying with strict regulations imposed by certification authorities. However, based on fine 3D modelling, current approaches remain costly to implement and incompatible with optimisation or parametric study processes due to the numerous non-linearities associated with assembly calculations (friction, contact, clearances, plasticity, etc.). In this context, this thesis aims to develop a simplified connector model to represent the dynamic behaviour of a bolted connection, ensuring a satisfactory compromise between accuracy and numerical performance. The proposed model explicitly separates elementary mechanisms associated with specific behaviour laws. In implicit and explicit formulation, it is implemented as a user element in the industrial code Abaqus. The connector developed is suitable for handling severe loads (macro-slip, screw-bore contact), multi-plate assemblies and fast dynamic loads. The connector faithfully reproduces the global and local response of the assemblies tested while reducing calculation times by a factor of up to 15. Two industrial cases illustrate the model's suitability for large-scale, complex simulations.